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Recharge Wrap-up: EV torque secrets, UC Davis maps future of biofuels

A UC Davis white paper maps out "Three Routes Forward for Biofuels," balancing investment risk with carbon benefits. The first option is "incremental," in which we tinker with the existing biofuel manufacturing infrastructure for small improvements over time. The "transitional" plan suggests integrating cellulosic production and other innovations with existing operations. The third route, called "leapfrogging," would mean building refineries based on new technology such as cellulosic and algae-based biofuels. The paper suggests ways the US could use these three routes together in different areas, and predicts the payoffs in terms of carbon emissions could be significant if the right people are willing to risk the capital. After all, financial advisers are always telling investors to diversify their portfolios to manage risk and rewards in the same way. Read more over at the UC Davis Institute of Transportation Studies. The Formula E Long Beach ePrix will offer free admission. The seventh round of the inaugural all-electric race season, which was moved from Los Angeles to the streets of Long Beach, will offer fans free grandstand and general admission. The race, which takes place on April 5, 2015, will use a 1.6-mile portion of IndyCar's Grand Prix of Long Beach. Read more at LA Times. Polaris is now offering its 2015 GEM electric vehicles, including the new street-legal eM1400 LSV. The passenger and utility vehicles come in two- to six-passenger configurations, many of which are street legal on roads with posted speed limits of up to 35 miles per hour. The eM1400 LSV utility vehicle seats two, offers 1,250 pounds of payload, 1,250 pounds of towing capacity, a top speed of 25 mph and a range of up to 45 miles. Its on-board charger plugs into any standard 110-volt outlet. Read more at Hybrid Cars and check out all the different configurations yourself at the Polaris website. In EVs, more torque does not always equal faster. Green Car Reports found this out when driving the Fiat 500e (with 147 pound-feet) against the similarly weighted Chevrolet Spark EV (with 400 pound-feet). The secret is, at least in part, in the gearing. The Fiat has a 9.6:1 reduction gear, making it quicker at lower speeds despite having far less available torque, while the Chevy uses a 3:1 ratio. The trade-off though, is in top speed. Furthermore, Chevy electronically limits the torque delivery at low speeds, as 400 pound-feet is a lot of launch for the little Spark EV to handle.

Recharge Wrap-up: Tesla P85D upgrades coming soon, lease a Chevy Volt for $149 a month

CarCharging has raised $6 million from shareholders and has restructured to save cash. The EV charging company plans to expand further in 2015 - with an eye toward achieving profitability - in part by investing in technology and "unlocking the value of our significant equipment inventory," says CarCharging CEO Michael D. Farkas. The group expects to reduce administrative costs by 40 percent, and has hired an interim Chief Financial Officer to help carry out its plans for growth. CarCharging raised the cash through offering convertible preferred stock to its shareholders, whom Farkas thanked "for their passion and patience." Read more in the press release below. Rydell Chevrolet in Los Angeles is offering Chevrolet Volt leases for $149 per month. In a video ad, Rydell offers the Volt for $169 a month with $3,390 due at signing, but another ad shows the offer at $149 a month with $3,550 down or $248 per month with $0 down. Rydell Chevrolet will ship the car anywhere in the lower 48 states. It also appears they offer cupcakes. See Rydell's video below, or read more at Inside EVs. Tesla will upgrade the Model S P85D with higher performance and top speed. The free update, which is due "in the next few months" according to a statement from Tesla, will raise the electronically limited top speed from 130 to 155 miles per hour. "Additionally, an over-the-air firmware upgrade to the power electronics will improve P85D performance at high speed above what anyone outside Tesla has experienced to date," Tesla says. The update will be available for the lifetime of the car, which includes subsequent owners. Read more at Green Car Reports. Car Charging Group Completes $6 Million Capital Raise Concurrently Enacts Restructuring Actions to Reduce Cash Burn MIAMI BEACH, Fla., Dec. 29, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- Car Charging Group, Inc. (OTCQB: CCGI) ("CarCharging" or the "Company"), the largest owner, operator, and provider of electric vehicle (EV) charging services, today announced that it has closed an offering (the "Offering") and raised net proceeds of up to $6 million with current institutional shareholders. The Offering consisted of convertible preferred securities with a conversion price of $0.70 and warrants exercisable at $1.00. Proceeds will be used to: - Strengthen CarCharging's balance sheet; - Build on the past year's progress; and - Provide growth capital for expanding the Company's network.

Foreign automakers pay from $38 to $65 per hour to non-union workers

As leaders for the United Auto Workers gather in Detroit for their Special Convention on Collective Bargaining to work out the negotiating stance for this year's new labor agreements with the Detroit 3 automakers, what they most want to do is figure out how to eliminate the two-tier wage scale. However, the lower Tier 2 wage has allowed the domestic automakers to reduce their labor costs, hire more workers, and compete better with their import competition. As it stands, per-hour labor rates including benefits are $58 at General Motors, $57 at Ford, and $48 at Fiat-Chrysler – a reflection of FCA's much greater number of Tier 2 workers. The Center for Automotive Research released a study of labor rates (including benefits) that put numbers to what the imports pay: Mercedes-Benz pays the most, at an average of $65 per hour, Volkswagen pays the least, at $38 per hour, and BMW is just a hair above that at $39 per hour. Among the Detroit competitors, Honda workers earn an average of $49 per hour, at Toyota it's $48 per hour, Nissan is $42 per hour, and Hyundai-Kia pays $41 per hour. The lower import wages are aided by their greater use of temporary workers compared to the domestics. Automotive News says the ten-dollar gap between those foreign camakers and the domestics turns out to about an extra $250 per car in labor, which adds up quickly when you're pumping out many millions of cars. That $250-per-car number is one that, come negotiating time, the Detroit 3 will want to reduce, as the UAW is trying to raise both Tier 1 and Tier 2 wages. Another wrinkle is that the domestic carmakers are considering the wide adoption of a third wage level lower than Tier 2. Some workers who do minor tasks like assembling parts trays kits and battery packs already make less than Tier 2, but the UAW will be quite wary about cementing yet another wage scale at the bottom of the system while it's trying to fight a bigger battle at the top. News Source: Automotive News - sub. req., BloombergImage Credit: AP Photo/Erik Schelzig Earnings/Financials UAW/Unions BMW Chevrolet Fiat Ford GM Honda Hyundai Kia Mercedes-Benz Nissan Toyota Volkswagen labor wages collective bargaining labor costs