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California adapts ZEV mandate with PHEVs for smaller automakers

California is the nation's largest market for zero-emissions vehicles with over 100,000 of them estimated to be on the roads there. The state's goal is to keep that number growing every year. To that end, the California Air Resources Board is now tweaking its rules in a way that might not boost ZEVs but could mean more plug-in hybrids for the Golden State. Jaguar Land Rover, Mazda, Mitsubishi, Subaru, and Volvo asked for an exemption to the state's zero-emissions vehicle mandate last year due to their relatively small development budgets compared to larger automakers. CARB denied their request but did craft a compromise, according to Automotive News. Rather than being required to offer a ZEV in the state, companies with an annual global revenue of less than $40 billion, like those in this group, may instead sell plug-in hybrids to earn ZEV credits. The companies aren't completely off the hook, though. If these plug-in hybrids don't earn enough credits, the corporations must buy them on the market to make up the difference. Automakers with popular electric models like Nissan and Tesla have made a big business through this trading system by selling their surplus to rivals. Tesla alone pocketed $51 million in the first quarter from this part of its business, according to Automotive News. The changes to the regulations also aren't set in stone, yet. CARB is meeting in 2016 and could adjust things further at that time. Related Video: News Source: Automotive News - sub. req. via Hybrid CarsImage Credit: Justin Sullivan / Getty Images Government/Legal Green Jaguar Land Rover Mazda Mitsubishi Subaru Volvo Emissions Electric Hybrid California zev credits zero emissions vehicle

Jaguar Land Rover rescues British off-road tuner Bowler

Jaguar Land Rover's Special Vehicles Operation (SVO) rescued British off-road tuner Bowler from an uncertain fate. The firm has worked with Land Rover in the past, but it has always been independent. While JLR isn't in an ideal position to make acquisitions, and its recent financial troubles are well documented, Bowler was on the brink of shutting down. The small, 34-year old company had entered administration, and the 26 people it employed risked losing their jobs. Monetary details haven't been released, meaning we don't know how much Bowler was worth, but the firm pointed out it's now fully owned by SVO. It joins SV, Vehicle Personalization, and Classic as the division's fourth pillar. It's too early to tell precisely where Bowler will fit in the JLR latticework, because the initial focus will be on stabilizing the company. It will remain based in Belper, England, and every member of its full-time staff has been offered a position as a JLR employee. Bowler made a name for itself by turning the original Defender into a rally car, and Land Rover said the expertise it acquired during decades of racing is highly sought after, so that's a hint we'll see more hardcore models developed jointly by the two companies sooner or later. The new Defender would lend itself well to the Bowler treatment. The Bowler name could replace the SVX nameplate used on the stillborn, V8-powered Discovery, for example. The tuner's focus on off-pavement performance means we're unlikely to see a Bowler-badged Jaguar, but anything is possible as global demand for SUVs (especially quick ones) continues to rise. What's certain is that, once Bowler is stable, it will grow bigger.

2018 Jaguar E-Pace (almost) revealed in new spy photos

Each time we've seen the Jaguar E-Pace out testing, it has been covered in a variety of fake plastic body parts to obscure the actual body. Finally, Jaguar relaxed its camouflage campaign, giving us the chance to see the car's bodywork almost entirely exposed. The only disguise this car was wearing was a form-fitting vinyl wrap. The test car in question confirms a number of our suspicions. The rear hatch is, indeed, extremely raked, which gives the vehicle a sportier look, though will surely reduce cargo capacity. If this crossover was coming from one of the German automakers, they would probably call this a "coupe." The front and rear fenders are also rather exaggerated, and the rear haunches are accented by a rising window line that ends in a pinched-off quarter window. The nose and tail of the crossover are pretty standard Jaguar. The layout of the lights and grilles are generally what you would find on its big brother, the F-Pace. The headlights appear to have some sort of LED arrangement as there are no clearly defined projector or reflector elements. Of course, there's no guarantee that these lights will be used across the line-up. They may just be a feature on higher trim levels. Now that we've also seen the car with so few covers and with production-ready sheet metal, we now expect to see the E-Pace fully revealed in person very soon, probably by the end of the year. It will likely be a 2018 model, and may share engines and drivetrains with the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque, since the body shape matches that of a vehicle with a transverse mounted engine. Related Video: Featured Gallery Jaguar E-Pace Spy Shots View 30 Photos Image Credit: KGP Photography Spy Photos Jaguar Crossover SUV Luxury jaguar e-pace